Abstract: Sarcopenia, a degenerative skeletal muscle disease closely related to aging, has become a major threat to the health and quality of life of older adults. With the global trend of population aging, the social and economic problems caused by sarcopenia are becoming increasingly prominent. Currently, pharmacological treatments for sarcopenia are somewhat limited, whereas nutritional interventions have shown potential advantages in combating the condition. This review comprehensively discusses the bioactive components and functional properties of edible fungi and provides a thorough understanding of the severe health issues faced by sarcopenia patients, such as muscle degeneration and functional loss. Although animal experiments and early human studies support the positive effects of edible fungi, large-scale nutritional epidemiology studies in humans are still insufficient, which limits their application in the prevention and treatment of sarcopenia. Therefore, future research, such as randomized controlled trials, is needed to fully understand their effects on muscle health and to provide a solid scientific basis for the prevention and management of sarcopenia. Read More

Abstract: Cancer treatment is a core challenge in clinical oncology. Despite the continuous advancement of chemotherapy, targeted therapy, and immunotherapy, the emergence of tumor drug resistance remains a key factor leading to treatment failure and worsening patient prognosis. Clinical data indicate that approximately 90% of treatment failures in patients with advanced cancer are directly related to drug resistance. Therefore, systematically analyzing the mechanisms of drug resistance and developing targeted strategies to address them are crucial for improving the efficacy of cancer treatment. This article systematically expounds on the main mechanisms of tumor drug resistance from the perspectives of tumor cell biological characteristics, tumor microenvironment regulation, and epigenetic modifications. These include reduced intracellular drug accumulation, mutations or aberrant expression of drug targets, inactivation of apoptotic pathways, cancer stem cell (CSC)-mediated resistance, and the regulatory role of immunosuppressive cells and cytokines in the tumor microenvironment. Furthermore, based on clinical practice, this article summarizes currently used strategies, such as drug development targeting resistance-associated molecules, chemotherapy regimen optimization and combination therapy, synergistic application of immunotherapy and conventional therapies, personalized treatment plan development, and the clinical translation of resistance monitoring technologies. Research has shown that the development of tumor drug resistance is the result of multiple factors and pathways, and a single strategy is unlikely to effectively reverse drug resistance. However, multi-target, multi-modal combination therapy based on resistance mechanisms, combined with dynamic resistance monitoring technology, can significantly improve treatment outcomes for patients with drug-resistant tumors. This article aims to provide a theoretical basis for clinicians to formulate tumor treatment plans … Read More

Abstract: Liver cancer is a highly prevalent malignancy worldwide. The choice of treatment and its prognostic impact directly impact patients' quality of life and survival. This article, drawing on data from global cancer statistics, Chinese liver cancer diagnosis and treatment guidelines, and several classic clinical studies, systematically reviews the main treatment options for liver cancer, including surgery, local ablation, interventional therapy (such as TACE and TAI), drug therapy (targeted therapy, immunotherapy), and combined treatment. The article also compares the short-term efficacy, long-term survival, and safety of these treatments. Prognostic factors, such as clinical stage, liver function status, and treatment compliance, were analyzed. Prognostic optimization strategies were proposed based on real-world research findings. Results showed that patients with early-stage liver cancer treated with liver resection or liver transplantation had a 5-year survival rate of 60%-70%. For patients in the middle and late stages, TACE combined with targeted therapy extended the median survival to 15-20 months. However, patients with Child-Pugh C liver function generally have a poor prognosis. Studies have shown that personalized treatment plans and a multidisciplinary team (MDT) approach can significantly improve the prognosis of patients with liver cancer, providing a reference for clinical treatment decision-making. Read More

Abstract: Objective: This study aims to elucidate the potential molecular mechanisms of naringenin in treating periodontitis using network pharmacology, molecular docking, and bioinformatics analysis. Methods: Potential targets of naringenin were predicted using databases such as SwissTargetPrediction and TCMSP. Periodontitis-related genes were retrieved from GeneCards, DisGeNET, and OMIM. Common targets were identified via Venn diagrams, and a protein-protein interaction (PPI) network was constructed using STRING. Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment analyses were performed with R. Molecular docking was conducted using AutoDock Vina to evaluate binding affinities between naringenin and core targets. Results: A total of 107 potential targets for naringenin were identified, with 49 overlapping with periodontitis-related genes. Key targets included IL1B, CXCL8, CD44, MMP2, EGFR, and ITGAM. Enrichment analysis revealed involvement in pathways such as HIF-1 signaling, cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction, and ferroptosis regulation. Molecular docking showed strong binding affinities. Conclusion: Naringenin exerts anti-periodontitis effects through multi-target interactions, primarily modulating inflammation, oxidative stress, and ferroptosis. This provides a theoretical basis for its clinical application. Read More

Abstract: Medical guideline texts (e.g., clinical practice guidelines, drug package inserts, diagnostic and treatment manuals) are characterized by strong prescriptiveness, high information density, and dual readership orientation (targeting both healthcare professionals and general patients). Their translation must strictly adhere to scientific accuracy while simultaneously accommodating the readability and cultural adaptability of the target language. Guided by Catford's Theory of Translation Shifts, this paper analyzes the practical application of level shifts and category shifts through typical translation examples, based on the stylistic function, terminology system, and communicative context of medical guidelines. It reveals the theoretical significance of Catford's model in resolving issues such as syntactic conflicts, terminology standardization, and cultural defaults in medical guideline translation. Read More

Abstract: Objective: To establish a green and efficient extraction process for total flavonoids from Robinia pseudoacacia L. flos using ultrasound-assisted deep eutectic solvents (DESs), optimize the process using response surface methodology, and systematically evaluate their in vitro antioxidant activities, providing experimental evidence for the development and utilization of active components in Robinia pseudoacacia flowers. Methods: Choline chloride was used as the hydrogen bond acceptor (HBA), and 1,2-propanediol, ethylene glycol, and lactic acid were used as hydrogen bond donors (HBD) to prepare three DES systems. Single-factor experiments were conducted to investigate the effects of HBA: HBD molar ratio, water content, liquid-to-solid ratio, ultrasonic time, and temperature on the extraction rate of total flavonoids. The extraction conditions were then optimized using Box-Behnken response surface design. High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) was used to determine the content of major flavonoid components (rutin, quercetin, and luteolin). The antioxidant capacity was evaluated by DPPH· and ABTS⁺ free radical scavenging rates. Results: Single-factor analysis showed that the highest extraction rate was achieved when the DES was choline chloride-1,2-propanediol (molar ratio 1:3), water-to-DES volume ratio was 3:1, liquid-to-solid ratio was 35:1 (mL/g), ultrasonic temperature was 65 ℃, and ultrasonic time was 40 min. Response surface optimization indicated that the theoretical extraction rate under these conditions was 4.26%, and the average value of the validation experiment was 4.22%, with an error of less than 1%. HPLC analysis revealed that the contents of rutin, quercetin, and luteolin were 2.06, 1.32, and 0.84 mg/g, respectively. Antioxidant experiments showed that when the extract concentration was 0.4 mg/mL, the scavenging rates of DPPH· and ABTS⁺ were 81.45% and 92.30%, respectively, with no significant difference compared to the vitamin C group (P>0.05). … Read More

Abstract: Gastrointestinal dysfunction in sepsis is a key link affecting the prognosis, and its occurrence is closely related to intestinal flora disorders. From the perspective of modern medicine, intestinal flora, this paper discusses the preventive and therapeutic effects of traditional Chinese medicine. The article first combed the understanding of gastrointestinal dysfunction of sepsis in traditional Chinese medicine, which belongs to the category of "intestinal obstruction" and "Guange", and the core of pathogenesis is "toxin damaging intestinal collaterals, fu-organ qi obstruction". The key role of intestinal flora imbalance, barrier function damage and immune inflammatory response out of control in morbidity was elaborated. This paper focuses on the synergistic mechanism of traditional Chinese medicine in multi-target regulation of flora structure, repair of intestinal barrier and inhibition of excessive inflammation through purgative, heat-clearing and detoxifying, spleen-invigorating and blood-activating therapy. The analysis shows that the intervention strategy of TCM based on the principle of "holistic concept" and "strengthening the body resistance and eliminating pathogens" is highly consistent with the inherent requirements of regulating "flora-intestine-axis", which provides a unique way of thinking for clinical prevention and treatment. Read More

Abstract: Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) rupture is a high incidence of injury in sports medicine, especially in soccer, basketball and other sports requiring sudden stop and change of direction. The annual incidence rate of high-risk sports population is higher, and the risk of female football players is more prominent due to physiological characteristics. Although surgical techniques continue to mature, the quality of postoperative rehabilitation directly determines the effectiveness of joint function recovery and the success rate of returning to exercise. This article systematically reviews the latest developments in the rehabilitation treatment of ACL rupture, with a focus on the innovation of precision assessment systems, the updating of early rehabilitation concepts, the application of advanced technologies, individualized strategies for special populations, and the development of interdisciplinary collaboration models. Research has found that the dynamic evaluation of integrated vertical jumping tests can effectively identify "pseudo rehabilitation", the integrated medical and nursing technology model can significantly shorten the recovery time of joint range of motion, and the combination of virtual reality and isokinetic training can significantly improve muscle strength and functional scores. These advances are driving the transformation of ACL rehabilitation from a traditional experiential model to a more precise, personalized, and multidimensional direction. This transformation significantly improves the postoperative functional recovery rate and significantly reduces the risk of secondary injury. This article provides evidence-based support for clinical rehabilitation practice, helping to optimize rehabilitation plans and improve patient outcomes. Read More